注意以下几个问题:
1.下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别,
forgettodo…忘记要做某事
forgetdoing…忘记做了某事
remembertodo…记住要做某事
rememberdoing…记着做了某事
meantodo…有意要做某事
meandoing…意味着做了某事
regrettodo…对要做的事表示后悔
regretdoing…对做过去的事后悔
can’thelptodo…不能帮助做某事
can’thelpdoing…情不自禁做某事
trytodo…尽力去做某事
trydoing试着做某事
learntodo…学着去做某事
learndoing…学会做某事
stoptodo…停下来去做(另一件事)
stopdoing…停止做某事
goontodo…接着做(另外一件事)
goondoing…继续做某事
usedtodo…过去做某事
beusedtodoing…习惯做某事
2.动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别
动名词作定语表达n+fordoing的含义
现在分词作定语表达n+which(who)bedoing的含义
如:asleepingcar=acarforsleeping
arunninghorse=ahorsewhichisrunning
前者是动名词,后者是现在分词
又如:drinkingwater,walkingstickrunningwater,sleepingboy
3.动名词的逻辑主语:
动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式。
例如:Hiscomingmadeusveryhappy.
4.动名词的语态和时态
5.动名词主动形式表被动的情况:
needdoing,wantdoing,requiredoing
例如:Thisroomneedspainting.这个房间需要粉刷。
6.只能跟动名词作宾语的动词:
admit,avoid,advise,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,finish,complete,forbid,imagine,mind,miss,permit.practise,require,suggest,risk,keep,taketo,lookforwardto,getdownto,feellike,can’thelp,can’tstand,beusedto,insiston,succeedin,setabout,giveup,include,
三.分词
1Thestoryisinteresting.I’minterestedinit.
这个故事有兴趣,我对这个故事感兴趣。
2.Thisisamovingfilm.
这是一部动人的电影。
3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,preparingalongspeechforthepresident.
秘书工作到深夜,为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。
4.Givenmoretime,I’lldoitwell.
如果给我多一点时间,我会做的更好。
Whenhepassedthebackofthestreet,hesawthethiefstealingsomemoneyfromthebank.
当他后街时,看到小偷正从银行偷钱。
应注意的几个问题:
1.现在分词与过去分词的区别
DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?
=DoyouknowthewomanwhoistalkingtoTom?
Thesoldierwoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.
=Thesoldierwhowaswoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.
ChinaisadevelopingcountryandAmericaisadevelopedcountry.
2.分词作表语
Thenewssoundsencouraging.
Theygotveryexcited.
1)现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别:
Thenewsisinteresting.
Heisinterestedinthenews.
doing作表语,主语与表语是主谓关系;done作表语,主语与表语是动宾关系。
2)表语与被动式的区别:
TheblackboardwasbrokenbyXiaoMing.(强调动作)
Theblackboardisbroken.You’dbetterhaveitrepaired.(强调状态)
3)常作表语的过去分词:
amused,injured,covered,known,dressed,lost,broken,gone,delighted,excited,pleased,satisfied,married,worried,surprised,interested,burnt,shut,crowded,wounded,drank,done
3.现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别
Thesituationinourcountryisencouraging.(表语)
Thesituationinourcountryisencouragingthepeople.(现在进行时)
Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby.(动名词)
能回答how-question的是现在分词,能回答what-question的动名词,即不能回答how-question也不能回答what-question的是现在进行时。
例如:Howisthesituationinourcountry?Itisencouraging.
Whatisyourjob?Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby.
4.注意的四种结构:
havesomethingtodo有某事要做
havesomethingdone使某事被做
havesomebodydosomething使某人做某事
havesomethingdoing让某事一直做着
5.需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词:
seat,prepare,hide,dress
如:Iseatedmyselfonthechair.
Iwasseatedonthechair.
6.分词做状语与不定式的区别:
分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等;而不定式表示目的和结果。
Havingfinishedthehomework,Iwenthome.(时间)
BeingaPartymember,Ishouldworkhard.(原因)
Givenmoretime,Icandomyworkbetter.(条件)
Heranoutoftheclassroom,shoutingattheboy.(伴随)
Togetmoreknowledge,wemustworkharderandharder.(目的)
Heisoldenoughtojointhearmy.(结果)
7.分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别
arunninghorse现在分词=ahorsethatisrunning
afallenleaf过去分词=aleafthathasalreadyfallen
awalkingstick动名词=astickforwalking
somethingtodo不定式=somethingthatIshoulddo
8.不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别:
Ihaveaproblemtobediscussedatthemeeting.(将来)
ThebuildingbeingbuiltontheriveristheScienceMuseum.(正在进行)
Thebuildingcompletedthreeyearsagoisnowinbadconditions.(过去)
9.分词做状语需要注意的一个问题:
分词与句子主语的逻辑关系
Seeingfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.(错误)
Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.(正确)
Seeing与thecity不是主谓关系;seen与city是动宾关系
练习
I.单项选择
1.Mostofthepeople_____tothepartywerefamousscientists.
A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting
2.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
A.HavingbeingtoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.Hewastold
D.Havingtold
3.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_____onabigrockbythesideofthepath.
A.tohaverestedB.testingC.torestD.rest
4.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman______inbed,dead.
A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying
5.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_______itmoredifficult.
A.tomakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.tonotmake
6.TheOlympicGames,_____in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplaysuntil1912.
A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying
7.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.
----Well,nowIregret____________that.
A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone
8.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithtalks,_______thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.
A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added
9._______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.
A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived
10.Thespeakerraisedhisvoice,buthestillcouldn’tmakehimself________.
A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard
Robertissaid___abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountrybestudiedin.
tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying
II.用动词的正确形式填空
1.LittleTomshouldlove________(take)tothetheatrethisevening.
2.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_______(learn).Healwaysworkshard.
3.Thecomputercentre,______(open)lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.
4.Goon_____(do)theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.
5.Howabouttwoofus______(take)awalkdownthegarden.
答案:
I
1.A2.C3.C4.A5.B6.C7.D8.C9.C10.D
II
1.tobetaken;2.tolearn;3.opened;4.todo;5.taking
-
高二英语必修三第四单元词组汇总
学好英语要多读。读的内容可以是你的课本,但最好是一些有趣的小读物,因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系,所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后,你必定会在高考中胜券在握。
- 高二英语必修三第一单元词组汇总
- 解析高中英语短文改错题
- 高二英语Unit1 Great scientists重点短语、句子汇总
- 高二英语知识点:Unit 5 Charlie Chaplin