3. Not only is food production important but also taking
care of the environment.
粮食牛产固然重要，环保也很重要。
(1)当 not only...but (also)... 连接两个并列分句
时，前一个分句要用部分倒装，即部分谓语(助动词、
系动词、情态动词)提到主语之前，第二个分句不要
倒装。有时后一个分句与前一个分句的相同部分可
以省略。(2) 当not only...but (also)...连接两个主
语时，其谓语与靠近它的主语保持一致。
Not only did he speak more correctly but he spoke more
easily.
他不仅讲话更正确，而且讲得也较不费劲了。
Not only the students but also the teacher is interested
in the TV play.
不仪学生们而儿老师也对这部电视剧感兴趣。
4. Much of the wisdom discovered by early Chinese
scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners.
中国古代科学家所发现的大量知识和经验，对于今
人的农民和园艺工仍然有用。
句中 discovered by early Chinese scientists是过去分
词短语作后置定语，相当于which was discovered by
…。过去分词短语作定语一般具有以下特点：(1)
放在修饰侧的后面。(2)与修饰词构成被动关系。
(3)相当于一个灰示被动的定语从句。单个的过去
分词作定语一般放在修饰词的前面，在个别情况下
放在修饰词之后。
The system used in this school is very successful.
这学校使用的系统很成功。
There is a red car parked outside the house.
房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。
The window broken in the stoml has now been
repaired.
在暴风雨中打破了的窗户，已经修好了。
5. What comedians have in common with the players in a
comedy is their way of playing with words.
滑稽演员与喜剧演员，共间点在于说话玩弄词藻。
句中what引导的从句为主语从句。(have)...in
common (with) 表示“和……有共同之处”的意思。
OUt of common 则表示“异乎寻常；不平常”的意思。
They have a lot in common.
他们有许多共同之处。
I haven't a thing in common with my father.
我与父亲格格不入。
He had noticed nothing out of common.
他没有发现异乎寻常的事。
6. I remember that the last time we met I did most of the
talking, so perhaps I should Iet you do the talking this
time.
我记得，上次见面时主要是我讲话，因此，也许这次
应该让你讲话了。
句中 the last time 为连词引导时间状语从句。引导
时间状语从句的词组有as soon as, hardly...when,
no sooner...than, the moment, by the time, every
time, each time 等。
The moment I saw him, I recognised him.
我一见到他，就认出了他。
He had hardly finished the article when the light went
out.
他刚写完论文，灯就熄了。
No sooner had she arrived than she went away again.
她刚到就又走了。
【句型归纳】
【考点l】It is on this arable land that the farmers produce
food for the whole population of China. 就在这些耕地
上，农民们生产了供给全中国人口的粮食。
It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to de-
velop new techniques to increase agricultural production
without harming the environment. 90年代初，科学家开
始了新的技术，在不损害环境的基础上增加农业产量。
该两句中的it用于强调句型。
it可以用来改变句子的结构，使句子的某些成分受到强
调。强调的基本句型结构为：It is / was + 被强调部分
+ that + 句子的剩余成分。
强调句型可分别强调主语、宾语、地点状语、时间状语
等。例如：
It was at Christmas that Jack gave Jane a beautiful red
rose. 就是在圣诞节。杰克送给简一朵漂亮的红玫瑰。
注意：
1. 强调人时，that可以换成who。
2. 当被强涮部分较复杂时，特别记住不能漏写了that。
例如：
It was not until he came back at midnight that I left.
直到他半夜回来，我才离开。
3. 强调句型用于疑问句时，注意语序。例如：
When and where was it that Liu xiang broke the
Olympic record? 到底在何时何地。刘翔打破了奥运
会记录呢?
【考例】】(2003上海) It is these poisonous products
____ can cause the symptoms of the flue, such as
headache and aching muscles.
A. who B. that
C. how D. what
[考查目标] 强调句型。
[答案与解析]B 根据以上的解释．本句强调主语，又
指物，所以用that。
【考点2】What do you think is the most important thing
in yourjob7你认为在你工作当中最重要的是什么?
该句中宾语从句的引导词what位于句首，构成一种特
殊句式。在由 do you think / believe / suppose / expect
/ imagine 等词引导宾语从旬时，需要把宾语从句的引
导阋位于句首，构成一种特殊的疑问句“疑问词 + do
you think / believe / suppose / expect / imagine + 宾语
从句剩余成分”。例如：
When do you suppose he came back to his motherland?
你认为他什么时候回到祖国的?
Which team do you think will Wi’ll the World Cup?你认
为哪一个队将赢得l什界杯?
【考例2】(NMET】991)
-- We haven't heard from Jane for a long time．
-- What do you suppose ____ to her?
A. was happening B. to happen
C. has happened D. having happened
[考查目标]疑问词 + do you think / suppose / believe
+宾语从句剩余成分”。
[答案与解析]C 根据以上的解释，需要填what的谓
语动词，所以用has happened。
【考点3】Dating back to the Qin Dynasty (221—207BC),
the traditional crosstalk shows, or xiangsheng shows,
have made people all over China roar with laughter for
centuries. 传统的相声表演可以追溯到秦朝(公元前
221—207年)，已经使中国人笑了千百年了。
该句中的“dating back to...”在句中作定语，相当于定语
从句which dated back to或which dated from。
v-ing在句中可以作定语。注意它们在句子中与所修饰
的名词的逻辑关系。如果表示主动关系，用v-ing；表示
被动关系，则用being done。例如：
Do you see the girl dancing with your brother? (定语)
你看到那个正在与你弟弟跳舞的姑娘了吗?
The building being built now is our lab. (定语)正在修
建的大楼是我们的实验室。
【考例3】(2000上海)Will those ____ the children
from abroad come the headmaster's office?
A. teaching B. teach
C. who teaches D. who teaching
[考查目标]v-ing作定语。
[答案与解析]A 根据以上解释，用非谓语动词。teach
与those关系是主动关系，所以用teaching。
【考点4】It's their clothes, makeup and the way they talk
that makes people. 逗人笑的是他们的衣着，装扮和走
路的姿势。
该句中的 they talk 作 the way 的定语从句。
the way充当先行词时，一定要注意“顾后”，即the way
在定语从句中所作的成分。如果 way 是作宾语或表
语，关系词要用that或which；如果way作状语，关系词
要用that，in which或不填。例如：
This is the only way that you can find. 这是你能找到
的惟一的方法。
She is fond of the way the famous Japanese actor
smokes. 她喜欢那位日本男影星抽烟的姿势。
I don't like the way that (in which) he speaks to his
mother. 我不喜欢他对他妈妈说话的方式。
【考例4】(2004湖北) What surprised me was not what
hc said but ____ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which
[考查目标]定语从句与并列连词“not...but...”。
[答案与解析]A not…but…连接两个表语成分；the
way引导定语从句，而且在从句中作状语，选theway。
[牛刀小试3]
1. I can't understand the way ____ you worked out
the math problem.
A. in which B. with which
C. how D. which
2. It was ____ back home after the experiment.
(2004湖北)
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn't go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn't go
3. Why!I have nothing to confess. ____ you want
me to say?(2004上海)
A. What is it that B. What it is that
C. How is it that D. How it is that
4. Reading is an experience quite different from watc—
hing TV; there are pictures ____ in mind instead
0f before your eyes. (2004广西)
A. to form B. form
C. forming D. having formed
【交际速成】
【考点1】Giving advice and making decisions 提建议 (劝
告) 和作决定
(2005 浙江二模)
-- Since you can't find a better job，why don't you stick
to the present one?
-- Well, ____.
A. I believe not B. I don't care
C. Never mind D. I might as weIl
[答案与解析]D 本题考查对提出劝告的应答用语。
“I might as well (stick to the present one)”表示“那我
还是坚持做目前的工作”。may / might as well do不
妨做，无妨做(比had better更委婉)。
【归纳】英语中表示劝告和作决定的用语有：
① You'd better go to see the doctor.
② You should listen to and read English every day.
③ You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.
④ Don't rush / hurry / push.
⑤ Please stand in line.
⑥ If I were you, I'd phone him now.
⑦ In my opinion you should...
⑧ The other idea sounds better to me...
⑨ As far as I can see the best thing would be to...
⑩ Wouldn't it be better if...?
⑩ I think he is right...
⑩ We can't do both, so...
⑩ We have to make a choice...
【考点2】Expressing intentions and plans 表达打算和计
划
(2005武汉模拟)
-- Hi, I hear you're going to the World Park this week—
end.
-- ____, I was going to, but l changed my plan.
A. Actually B. Finally
C. Usually D. Normally
[答案与解析]A 本题考查谈论计划的交际用语。根
据语境，答语意为“实际上，我本来打算要去的，但是我
改变了计划”。
【归纳】英语中表示打算和计划的常见用语有：
(询问某人的打算和计划)
① Are you going to leave for Singapore?
② Do you mean / plan to apply for the position?
③ Have you decided to support him?
④ What do you mean / intend to do?
⑤ What are you doing this evening?
⑥ Will you be there?
⑦ What are you going to do?
(说明自己的打算和计划)
① I will...
② I'm going to...
③ I intend to...
④ I hope to...
⑤ I plan / want to...
⑥ I wish to...
⑦ I've decided (not) to...
⑧ I hope not to...
⑨ I'm thinking of...
[牛刀小试4]
1. -- I think the company may not offer you a good pay.
-- ____, I won't take the job.
A. That is to say B. What is more
C. In other words D. In that case
2. -- When are you leaving for London?
-- My plan ____ at three tomorrow afternoon.
A. is taking off B. is about to take off
C. takes off D. will take off
3. -- I hear that Bai Shan can't afford his schooling this
fall.
-- ____, let's do something for him.
A. If so B. Where possible
C. When necessary D. What a shame
4. -- I'm going downtown.
-- Come on. ____.
A. You're welcome B. I'll give you a lift
C. Don't do that D. Come with me
☆精典题例☆
( )1. ____ straight on and you'll see a church. You
won't missing it. (2004湖北)
A. Go B. Going
C. If you go D. Wheng going
【解析】选A “祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的句式相当
于含有if条件句的复合句。
( )2. ____ the programme，they have to stay there
for another two weeks. (2004 广东)
A. Not completing
B. Not completed
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed
【解析】选C not having completed是分词的完成式
的否定结构，在句中表原因。
( )3. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a
few seconds to try to ____. (2003北京春季)
A. make it out B. make it off
C. make it uD D. make it over
【解析】选A make out意为“理解”。
( )4. It is said in Australia there is more land than the
govemment knows ____. (NMET 2003)
A. it what to do with B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it D. to do what with it
【解析】选C what + 不定式在句中做know的宾语。
( )5. Americans eat ____ vegetables per person today
as they did in 1910. (2002上海)
A. more than twice
B. astwice asmany
C. twice asmany as
D. more than twice as many
【解析】选(：本题考查倍数的表达法。
( ) 6. -- Do you like ____ here'?
-- Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of
life. Everything is so nice. (2004 全国II)
A. this B. these
C. that D. it
【解析】选D此题考查代词的用法联系下文可知
it此处是“不定指代”
( ) 7. Tony is going camping with ____ boys.
A. little two other B. two little other
C. two other little D. little other two
【解析】选C 本题考查多个形容词修饰一个名词的
用法。
( ) 8. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf,
____ five are mine. (2004 全国)
A. on which B. in which
C. of which D. from which
【解析】选c此句考查非限制性定语从句，且什么
当中的几个要用of。
( ) 9. They had a pleasant chat ____ a cup of coffee.
(2003 北京)
A. for B. with
C. during D. over
【解析】选D。 over在此意为“一边……，一边……”
( )10. The conference had been held to discuss the
effects of tourism ____ the wildlife in the
area. (2003 上海)
A. in B. on
C. at D. with
【解析】选B此题考查固定搭配“have effects on sth.”。
-
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