2013上海卷试题及答案详解由沪江网校独家提供,如无授权,请勿转载!
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.W: Can you describe what you do?
M: I wash office building windows. I go high up in the basket to reach the windows.
Q: What is the man's job?
A. A basketball player.
B. A laundry worker.
C. A window washer.
D. A rock climber
【答案】C. A window washer.
【解析】这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知,男士清洗办公楼的窗户。所以选项为C,他是个窗户清洁工。关键词句:I wash office building windows;to reach the window.
2.M: Should we go out or eat in tonight?
W: I amtoo tired to do any cooking.
Q: What does the woman imply?
A. She is not hungry.
B. She wants to cook.
C. She is not tired.
D. She wants to dine out.
【答案】D. She wants to dine out.
【解析】这是一道推理题。从对话可知,女士说太累了一点儿也不想做饭,可推测她想出去吃。所以答案是D。dine out 表示出去吃饭。关键词:too tired to do any cooking. 注意too…to表示“太……而不能……”。
3.M: Hi, Grace. Tell me something about your hometown.
W: It's so beautiful and peaceful. But it's really far away from everything.
Q: What does the woman think of her hometown?
A. Promising
B. Isolated
C. Crowded
D. Modern
【答案】B. Isolated
【解析】这是一道推理题。从对话可知,女士认为她的家乡美丽而幽静。但却与世隔绝。所以答案是B,isolated 表示隔绝的,孤立的。关键词句:But it's really far away from everything.
be far away from表示“远离”。听时注意“but”这个转折词后的信息。
4.W: My printer is out of paper. I will run and get some.
M: I will go with you. I need some fresh air.
Q: Where will the speakers probably go?
A. To a stationery shop.
B. To a gymnasium.
C. To a paint store.
D. To a news stand.
【答案】A. To a stationery shop.
【解析】这是一道场景题。从对话可知,女士说打印机里面没纸了,她跑去买纸,男士说一起去。所以答案是A,stationery shop 是文具店,符合题意。B是体育馆,C是油漆店,D是报摊。关键词句:My printer is out of paper. I will run and get some.
5.M: I don't like the prices on the menu. They always seem too high.
W: You will have a different view after eating the delicious food.
Q: What does the woman mean?
A. The man can see a different view.
B. The food is not tasty enough.
C. The man cannot afford the food.
D. The food is worth the price.
【答案】D. The food is worth the price.
【解析】这是一道推理题。从对话可知,男士认为菜单上的价格太高,女士说你尝了菜之后就会改变观点,言下之意是你吃了之后就不觉得贵。所以答案是D,The food is worth the price.这里的食物物有所值。关键词:have a different view, delicious food.
6.M: I had a hard time getting through the novel.
W: I know how you feel. Who could remember the names of 35 differentcharacters?
Q: What does the woman imply?
A. She reads different kinds of books.
B. She also finds the book difficult to read.
C. She is impressed by the characters.
D. She knows well how to remember names.
【答案】B. She also finds the book difficult to read.
【解析】这是一道推理题。从对话可知,男士说读完这本书很困难。女士说她懂他的感觉,谁能记住35个不同的人物角色的名字。言下之意是她也不能记住,觉得太难了。所以答案是B。关键词句:Who could remember…?听时注意说话者的反问语气。
7.W: Why haven't we received any newspapers yet?
M: Well, sometimes it takes a while for the post office to deliver it.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man will go to the post office.
B. The post office is closed for the day.
C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.
D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.
【答案】C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.
【解析】这是一道主旨题。从对话可知,女士疑惑他们没收到报纸。男士说有时邮寄需要花点时间。言下之意是女士在期盼报纸的到来。所以答案是C。关键词:is expecting, 表示“期望,等待”。
8.M: My roommate and I are going to see a film tonight. And we are leaving at7:40.Do you want to join us?
W: Sure. But my class ends at 7:30.And the professor never finishes on time.
Q: What can we learn about the woman?
A. She is not sure if she can join them.
B. She will skip the class to see the film.
C. She will ask the professor for leave.
D. She does not want to see a film.
【答案】A. She is not sure if she can join them.
【解析】这是一道推理题。从对话可知,女士想去看电影,但是她不确定7:30是否老师会准时下课,因为老师通常拖堂。而男士和他室友7:40就要出发。所以答案是A。关键词句:class ends at 7:30;the professor never finishes on time. 老师从来不准时下课。
9.W: Now that you are on the business, what’s your advice for someone to become a fashion designer?
M: Go to school. I mean it. Find a good school and learn as much as you can.
Q: What does the man mean?
A.Fashion designing is a booming business.
B.School learning is a must for fashion designers.
C.He hopes to attend a good fashion school.
D.The woman should become a fashion designer.
【答案】B. School learning is a must for fashion designers.
【解析】这是一道推理题。从对话可知,男士的建议是设计师要找个好学校好好学习。所以答案是B, 学校教育是时装设计师必经之路。关键词句:Go to school;Find a good school and learn as much as you can.
10.W: Slow down. You are passing every car on the road.
M: Most drivers usually ignore the speed limit unless they think the police will stop them.
Q: What does the man mean?
A. Few people drive within the speed limit.
B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.
C. The speed limit is really reasonable.
D. The police stop most drivers for speeding
【答案】A. Few people drive within the speed limit.
【解析】这是一道推理题。从对话可知,女士要求男士减速,男士却说大多数驾驶者通常都会忽视车子限速,除非他们觉得警察会拦下他们。所以答案是A, 很少有人会驾驶不超速。
关键词句:Most drivers usually ignore the speed limit.
Section B
Directions:In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
I am Lynn. My previous job was as principal of a language school, where I received awards for training teachers to teach more effectively. A year ago, I started an international company. I spent months conducting programs in the US and Russia. During this time, some Russian immigrants came to stay at my house. Fortunately, these visitors helped a lot at home and made life easier. At the same time, I wrote several books to be published by my company and coedited a book for a major publisher.
I am grateful I have a photographic memory, so I can remember everything I see. Otherwise, I might not be that productive. In addition to my work, I have a family at home. Some of my children have had serious health problems from birth, but I try to handle those problems well and efficiently. With tremendous help from my parents, the kids are fed, and clothed, and educated.
I am busy from the time I get up until the time I go to bed. My time has to be carefully planned. I do not like to be interrupted because I want to accomplish my goals.
Questions:
11. What was the speaker’s previous job?
12. What helps to make the speaker productive according to the passage?
13. What does the passage mainly tell us?
11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.
C. A magazine editor. D. A school principal.
12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.
C. Russian assistants' help. D. A good memory.
13. A. Lynn’s devotion to the family.
B. Lynn’s busy and successful life.
C. Lynn’s great performance at work.
D. Lynn’s efficiency in conducting programs.
【答案】
11. D. A school principal.
12. D. A good memory.
13. B. Lynn’s busy and successful life.
【解析】
第11题:说话人以前的工作是什么?
A. 图书出版商——短文提及,但与问题无关。说话人创办公司之后,才自己写书出版。
B. 公司经理——短文提及,但与问题无关。这是说话人目前的工作。
C. 杂志编辑——短文提及,但与问题无关。这是说话人目前的工作。
D. 学校校长——正确答案。说话人在一开始就明确表明,My previous job was as principal of a language school。
第12题:根据短文信息,说话人工作效率高的原因是什么?
A. 培训经验——短文提及,但与问题无关。短文只说…I received awards for training teachers to teach more effectively…,培训教师让我赢得了很多奖。
B.幸福的家庭——短文提及,但与问题无关。说话人只介绍了自己的家庭情况,并没有提及家庭和工作效率高之间有何联系。
C.俄罗斯助手的帮助——短文提及,但与问题无关。说话人提到these visitors helped a lot at home and made life easier.,并没有提及这和工作效率之间的联系。
D. 好的记忆力——正确答案。I am grateful I have a photographic memory.... Otherwise, I might not be that productive. 没有好的记忆力,可能不会这么高效,符合题意。
第13题:短文主要讲述什么?
A. Lynn对家庭的付出——以偏概全。
B. Lynn忙碌又成功的生活——正确答案。短文前半部分讲述说话人在事业上的成功,后半部分讲述说话人在忙碌中平衡工作和家庭。
C. Lynn在工作上的成就——以偏概全。
D. Lynn运行项目的高效——以偏概全。
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Job interviews can generally be divided into three types.
The first is what I would call the traditional interview. This is usually just a series of standard questions about qualifications, work experience and expectations. So what you have here is basically a list of quite direct questions, like what duties did you have in your previous job. This is still the model for a lot of interviews today. In my view it’s not the best to select staff.
Then there is the case interview. Here the interviewer presents a problem and a series of questions to find out how the candidate would approach the problem. It might go something like this, ‘A company wants to hire more graduates without spending more than its current budget. What would you advise them to do?’This can be particularly challenging, for you need to analyze the problem and solve it.
The third type is known as the behavioral interview. The questions are usually designed to find out about how the candidates handle tricky situations in the past. A typical question might be ‘Can you give me an example of a situation where you had to follow orders that you didn’t agree with?’ This opens up a lot of information and the interviewer gets to see more of the candidate.
Questions:
14. What kind of questions are usually asked in the traditional interview?
15. What does the case interview focus on about the candidate?
16. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.
C. Academic questions. D. Challenging questions.
15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.
C. Problem-solving abilities. D. Infomation-gathering abilities.
16. A. Features of different types of interview.
B. Skills in asking interview questions.
C. Changes in three interview models.
D. Suggestions for different job interviews.
【答案】
14. B. Routine questions.
15. C. Problem-solving abilities.
16. A. Features of different types of interview.
【解析】
第14题:传统型面试经常会问什么类型的问题?
A. 经济类问题——短文未提及。
B. 常规性问题——正确答案。This is usually just a series of standard questions…标准问题实质上就是常规性问题,答案是对原文的同义转换。
C. 学术性问题——短文未提及。
D. 具有挑战性的问题——短文提及,但与问题无关。这是case interview所问问题的特点。
第15题:案例面试关注应试者的哪些方面?
A. 工作经验——短文提及,但与问题无关。这是traditional interview关注的问题。
B. 教育资历——短文提及,但与问题无关。这是traditional interview关注的问题。
C. 解决问题的能力——正确答案。…a series of questions to find out how the candidate would approach the problem.案例面试的目的就是考查求职者解决问题的能力。
D. 收集信息的能力——短文未提及。
第16题:说话人主要谈论的是什么?
A. 不同类型面试的特征——正确答案。短文开头就点明了主旨,Job interviews can generally be divided into three types.
B. 问面试问题的技巧——短文未提及。
C. 三种面试模式的变化——短文未提及。
D. 对不同面试的建议——短文未提及。
Section C
Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1.W: Hi, Bruce, it's Naomi.
M: Hi, Naomi.
W: I'm calling about the conference in Shanghai on November 8th. We have to make some changes.
M: OK, go ahead.
W: I don't think the peace guardian will be big enough. We need a center that can seat at least 600.
M: That many? Any suggestions?
W: The Palace Center will be free that day, but it will mean increasing the registration fee by $50. From $800 to $850.
M: That won't be a problem. Anything else?
W: Milan University says they are sending Carla Marisco instead of Professor Bertoni. But the talk would be the same, Opportunities and Risks in the African Market.
M: Fine. Make those changes and all inform everyone at my end.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Latest Conference Information |
Date: 8th __17__ Place: Palace __18__, Shanghai Registration fee: $ __19 __ Speaker: Carla Marisco from Milan University Speech topic: Opportunities and Risks in the __20__ Market |
【答案】
17. November
18. Center
19. 850
20. African
【解析】
第17题:这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知,女士正打电话向男士确认关于会议修改的事宜。从女士所说的I'm calling about the conference in Shanghai on November8th.可知本题答案为November。
第18题:这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知女士认为保安不够,男生询问她有什么建议时,她回答说The Palace Center will be free that day... 所以本题答案为Center。
第19题:这是一道事实细节题。从对话中女士的回答... but it will mean increasing the registration fee by $50.From 800$ to 850$.可知,登记费将上涨50美元,即从800美元到850美元。所以本题答案为850。
第20题:这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知,女士告知男士说米兰大学虽然换了发言人,但是发言的主题并没有改变,从对话中的Opportunities and Risks in the African Market可知,本题答案为African。
2.W: David, we all know you took up skateboarding at ten. But did your parents support you?
M: Yeah, my parents even let me skate in the house.
W: Did they?
M: Yeah, they were pretty cool.
W: How about your school work?
M: That was fine. I was able to get my school work done with good grades. My only problem was that I had so much physical energy that I could not sit still in class. Then some teachers started taking my skateboard away.
W: That couldn't stop you from staking?
M: No way. The cool thing was that my parents managed to find me a different school. The headmaster there was wonderful. He let us plan our own P.E. classes. So guess what class I created.
W: Skateboarding.
M: You got it. That was my P.E. class. By that time I was turning professional and starting to show off some techniques at competitions.
W: Is that when your new style became famous?
M: Yeah. Other skaters had this smooth flowing style, but I was kind of like a robot always coming up with new tricks.
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
An Interview with David, a Skateboarding (滑板运动) Lover
What was David's schoolwork like? |
He was able to get his schoolwork done __21__. |
What was his only problem at school? |
He was unable to __22__ in class. |
Why did he say the new headmaster was wonderful? |
He let students __23__ of their own. |
How was his new style different from other skaters? |
It was robot-like, with __24__. |
【答案】
21. with good grades
22. sit still
23. plan P.E. classes
24. new tricks
第21题:这是一道事实细节题。从对话可知,这是一次采访。当采访人询问David的成绩时,David回答说That was fine. I was able to get my school work done with good grades.所以本题答案为with good grades。
第22题:这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知,David热爱滑板,成绩也不错,但是唯一的问题是他的精力太旺盛了,以至于不能安安静静坐在教室中。从David的话语My only problem was that I had so much physical energy that I could not sit still in class.可知本题答案为sit still。
第23题:这是一道事实细节题。对话中,David在聊到自己因为热爱滑板而转学时,对新学校的校长表示了称赞,从The headmaster there was wonderful. He let us plan our own P.E. classes.可知本题答案为plan P.E. classes。
第24题:这是一道事实细节题。David在提到自己和其他滑板运动者的区别时,他说... but I was kind of like a robot always coming up with new tricks.可知本题答案为new tricks。
II Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
25. 【C】本题重点考查介词搭配。该介词搭配为:within/beyond one’s reach,意为在…能力范围之内。此处在文中表示“容易抵达”。
26. 【C】本题重点考查固定词组的应用。remind sb of sth意为提醒某人某事。根据语境得出应该是“提醒他们自己”。
27. 【A】本题为时态题。根据语境得出leave这一动作在called之前发生,因此用过去完成时。
28. 【D】本题为形容词排序题。根据规则“大小形状和新旧,颜色国籍出处材料”这一顺口溜可得出正确答案。
29. 【C】本题为结合语态的时态题。整个句子环境为现在时,根据语境语义推断出应该为现在状态下“已经被选举出来的”。
30. 【C】本题考查让步状语从句的使用。让步状语从句引导词只能为“whatever ”“however”,并且从句中缺少宾语,故应选择名词性的difficulty。
31. 【D】本题考查非谓语动词。worried为形容词,在此处作leave the room的伴随状语。
32. 【B】本题考查非谓语动词的使用,此处也可将have an opportunity to do sth看作固定搭配,表示有机会做某事。
33. 【B】本题考查宾语从句的引导词用法。此处have no idea=don’t know,根据语境推断出“我不知道为什么电话坏了”,故选why。
34. 【C】本题考查动词risk的使用。risk doing sth表示冒险做某事或拿…做赌注。
35. 【A】本题考查非谓语的运用。由语境推知,email与ask for her credit card account number是主动关系,因此用现在分词。此处an email asking for her credit card account number = an e-mail which asks for her credit card account number。
36. 【D】本题考查状语从句的引导词意思。由选项可知此处为状语从句,根据从句I am sitting得知是表示方位的,故用where。
37. 【D】本题考查并列复合句的运用。由and可得知为并列句,前半句祈使句+and+后半句将来时(情态词)表示 “(如果…的话,…就会…)”。
38. 【A】本题考查定语从句。先行词为物:the living and nonliving things, 并且从句中缺少主语,因此只能用指物的引导词that。
39. 【A】本题考查倒装句。介词词组前置,句子倒装。主语为the lack of natural resources,根据主谓一致原则,选择is。正常语序为:The lack of resources is among the crises that face humans.
40. 【B】本题考查名词性从句。介词in后应接名词性从句。由于从句中缺少wear的宾语,因此选择既能引导从句,又能做名词性成分的what。
Section B
该说明文详细阐释了人类大脑是如何一步步进行人脸识别的。
41. 【J】composition,名词,意为“结构,组成”,这里表示“认出母亲的脸部构成”。
42. 【H】fascinating,形容词,意为“有趣的,迷人的”,此处为句型 “It’s fascinating/interesting/exciting that/how…”,表示…是如此有趣。
43. 【B】recall,动词,意为“回忆,回想”,此处根据常用搭配find it difficult to do sth得出应选择动词,recall such a simple thing as a phone number表示“回想出简单的电话号码”。
44. 【E】necessary,形容词,“必要的”,此处necessary for facial recognition作后置定语修饰the specific areas,表示“识别人脸必要的区域”。
45. 【F】locate,动词,“定位”。此处有搭配succeed in sth/doing sth,故要选择动名词形式。这里意为“成功定位到一个脑部具体区域FFA”。
46. 【I】elsewhere,副词,“其他地方”。由上文推断出既然人脸识别是一个专门的区域进行处理,那么此处“对其它物体的识别”自然是大脑中“其它地方”了。
47. 【D】previously,副词,“先前的”。根据上文推断得出人脸识别需要看到整张脸,因此此处的想法“我们只需要看一些脸部特征”是“先前的”。
48. 【G】instead,副词,“代替,而不是”。此处根据两句话的意思推断出是转折替代关系,因此选instead。
49. 【C】processing,名词,“处理,进程”。根据语法推断出此处填名词,由上下文意思得出用processing,表示“这一复杂的处理过程在瞬间完成”。
III Reading
Section A
本文着重讲经济全球化的影响,全球化的支持者和反对者各自陈述出观点,列举出相应的研究等作为论据。结尾部分点出全球化的趋势已不可阻挡,呼吁大家创造出有益所有人发展的全球化方式。
50. 【C】此题为词义辨析的推断题。由于下文主要在陈述全球化的正反方面的影响可推断出此处是表达“经济全球化对大家都有益吗?”
51. 【B】此题为推断题。下文主要是陈述wealth和income,因此这里是“减少贫困”。
52. 【A】此题为关系推断题。increased wealth(增长财富)与improved education and longer life(提高教育和延长寿命)为因果关系,所以用contribute to 表示“导致”。
53. 【D】此处由上文总述发展中国家的财富增长课推断出收入“增加”,故选increase。
54. 【C】由下一段内容“Critics take a different view”看出本段主要是支持globalization,因此选advocate,“提倡”。
55. 【B】此处选连接词,连接的内容为一段具体的例子,因此选择for instance,“举个例子”。
56. 【C】此句前后是对应关系,由后半句关键词“worldwide”“by the internet”可看出此处应是“local”(当地的)。
57. 【D】由下文“the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers and native peoples have been left behind”推断出“经济全球化正在拉大贫富差距”,故用widen the gap between … and…。
58. 【B】由于上文都在论述“财富”、“收入”等概念,因此推断出是“只有少数几个发展中国家从中获利”。
59. 【A】本题考查连接词的运用。此句话论述的内容为“他们认为全球化最终威胁新兴产业的发展”,此论点与前面的几点是并列的,因此用并列连接词“furthermore”,表示“此外”。
60. 【C】本题综合考查不同单词的运用和上下文推断能力。consume消费,deliver派送,export出口,advertise做广告。此处其它单词不符合语境,deliver products表示“派送产品”。
61. 【B】由上文本分论点中emerging business可得出此处是put sb. out of business, “面对激烈的竞争,导致他们无生意可做”。
62. 【A】本题主要考查词组的辨析和运用。此处表示“这些产业将跟进不了,最终被挤出来”。Keep up 表示跟得上。come in进来,go around参观,转动,help out帮助。
63. 【D】本题考查词组的意义辨析。此处表示“没有退路”,turn back表示“往回走,回头”。take off(飞机)起飞,脱掉(外套),延迟 ,get along相处,进展,hold out伸出,坚持。
64. 【D】本题考查上下文意义推断和单词意思辨析。agreement协议,prediction预测,outcome结果,challenge挑战。由于“finding a way to create a kind of globalization ”是种挑战,因此选择challenge。
Section B
阅读(A)
【总体评述】
这是一篇讨论音乐听觉障碍的说明文。主要围绕音乐听觉障碍人士(amusic)这个概念,详细介绍了音乐听觉障碍对其生活造成的影响,以及产生这种听觉障碍的原因。
文章首段引出了音乐听觉障碍人士(amusic)的定义——天生无法辨识和重现音调的人(…are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes)。第二段详细介绍了音乐听觉障碍对amusic的生活造成了诸多不便:疏远人群、无法进入放音乐的餐馆或购物场所、无法参加派对等等。第三段介绍了音乐听觉障碍的产生原因——大脑构造与能欣赏音乐的人不同。末段介绍医生对音乐听觉障碍这一症状的明确诊断,给amusic人群带来了福音。
【试题评析】
65. A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.
【解析】细节信息题。由关键词amusics定位至文章首段对于amusic的定义。作者由“For some people, music is no fun at all.”一句,引出对有音乐听觉障碍人群(amusic)的介绍,即表明amusic不能享受音乐带来的乐趣。far from远非…;远离…,far from enjoyable即一点都感受不到乐趣。因此,正确答案为A。
66. C. has a hearing problem
【解析】语意理解题。由“defective hearing”定位至第三段,它的含义需要分析上下文句意。该句子说明了音乐听觉障碍产生的原因是大脑的差异。该词组所在的部分与前句“The difference is complex”并列,“it”指前文的“difference”,强调大脑差异的复杂程度。紧接着后半句又提到音乐听觉障碍人士同样能听到非音乐类的声音。整体而言,即意为大脑的差异很复杂,并且这种复杂并不属于一种“defective hearing”,因为音乐听觉障碍人士同样能理解非音乐类的声音。将各选项的含义带入原文,可知正确答案为A“听觉问题”,即amusics并没有听觉问题,他们也能理解音乐以外的声音。
67. A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier
【解析】细节信息题。由题干信息定位至最后一段最后一句话。由“I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”可知Margaret希望在17岁就能得知自己属于amusic,而不是70岁。即她希望自己的问题更早得被诊断出来,正确答案为A。
68. B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.
【解析】主旨大意题。本题考查考生对整篇文章主旨大意的理解与概括。文章首段引出了音乐听觉障碍人士(Amusic)的定义。第二段详细介绍了音乐听觉障碍对amusic的生活造成的诸多不便。紧接着第三段揭示了amusic的产生原因——大脑差异。最后一段介绍音乐听觉障碍这一症状的诊断能带来的益处。由此可见,本文主要讨论了一些人无法享受音乐的乐趣,选项B正确。
阅读(B)
【总体评述】
这是一页Amana公司的产品保修说明。具体产品是家用洗衣机自动烘干机(Home Laundry Automatic Dryer)。
文章第一个小标题“Warranty Provides for”部分说明了享有保修服务的对象产品,文章第二个小标题“Warranty Limitations”部分说明了保修内容的限制,第三个小标题“Warranty Does Not Cover It If”部分说明了保修服务不包含的项目,第四个小标题“Owner's Responsibilities”部分说明了消费者的责任,第五个小标题“In no event...”部分声明了Amana公司对间接损害不负责。
【试题评析】
69. D. used in the U.S.A.
【解析】细节信息题。由题干信息定位至第二个小标题下。由第二句话“Applied only to products used within the United States”可知在美国境内,该产品享有保修服务。因此,正确答案为D。
70. B. a servicer’s overtime work.
【解析】细节信息题。由题干信息定位至第四个小标题下。由第五句话“Pay for extra service costs…if servicer is requested to perform service outside servicer's normal business hours.”可知如果让服务人员在工作时间以外提供服务,消费者需要额外支付服务费用。因此,正确答案为B。
71. C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year.
【解析】细节信息题。
由第一个小标题下面第一句话“FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge”可知在前两年可以免费保修任意损坏的部件,无论损坏是不是生锈造成的。所以C选项正确。
阅读(C)
【总体评述】
这是一篇讨论微型飞行装置的说明文。首段开门见山,介绍了哈佛大学的工程师们受到了《自然》杂志的启发,决定自行研究机器苍蝇(robotic fly)——一种微型飞行设备。第二段说明了制造这种飞行设备的实际困难:所需的构成原件没有现成的,需要自行开发。第三段主要介绍了该飞行设备的构成。第四、五两段介绍了该飞行装置技术成熟后能给我们带来生活上、科研上的详细用途。
【试题评析】
72. C. they had no ready-made components
【解析】细节信息题。由关键词difficulty定位至第二段最后一句话“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own.”意为这个项目的困难实际上在于所需的元件都没有现成的,需要我们自己开发。on the shelf(现货供应)与ready-made(现成的)同义。因此,正确答案为C。
73. B. can just fly in limited areas at the present times
【解析】推理引申题。根据题干信息,定位至文章第3、4段。第三段主要介绍了飞行装置的构成,并由此引出第四段首句详细介绍飞行装置的外置电源(linked to a small, off-board power source),指出最终目的是实现内置电源的放置(equip it with a built-in power),是之有能力在更多场合自行完成数据收集的任务(data-gathering work),完成起飞、着陆、到处飞行的动作。由此可见,目前该飞行装置只能在有限的地区内飞行,所以B选项正确。
74. D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.
【解析】推理引申题。定位至最后一段第三句话“…to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead.”意为当用动物这一途径研究生物问题比较困难时,我们可以用这些机器人取代动物的位置。因此,正确答案为D。
75. C. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect
【解析】主旨大意题。
该题要求选定文章的标题,故需归纳文章的主旨大意。纵观全文,首段开门见山,介绍了哈佛大学的工程师们决定自行研究机器苍蝇(robotic fly)。第二段说明了制造这种飞行设备的实际困难:所需的构成原件没有现成的,需要自行开发。第三段主要介绍了该飞行设备的构成。第四、五两段介绍了该飞行装置在能运用至多种场合,还能在科研中代替动物。可见本文通篇都在围绕机器苍蝇(robotic fly)进行介绍。因此,正确答案为C。
Section C
【总体评述】
这是一篇介绍欧盟颁布指令禁止过量服用补品药剂的议论文,并且表达了作者对这样一种指令的支持态度。
【试题评析】
76. C
第一段交代了人们盲目服用滋补药剂(例如维他命片)的背景,转折介绍了出于对人们过量服药的担忧,欧盟颁布了禁止大面积贩售健康补品的指令。因此,正确答案为C. EU's response to overuse of health products (欧盟对滥用补品的应对措施)。
77. B
第二段通过举例、正反对比等手法,论证了过量服用维生素C会造成反面效果,对健康造成巨大的损伤。因此,正确答案为B. Different findings as to taking additional vitamin (服用多余维生素会导致不同的后果)。
78. F
第三段中讲到1960年代和1970年代的科幻小说预言了人们用药片代替膳食的场景,并表示欧盟的新指令避免了这种情况的发生。因此,正确答案为F. EU directive against prediction in novels (欧盟的指令避免了小说中预言的场景)。
79. A
第四段通过举例论证,突出了人们宁愿多吃药片也不注重健康生活的现实情况,强调了作者对过多服用药片的反对态度。因此,正确答案为A. Healthy way of life giving way to overuse of medicine (健康的生活方式让步于药物滥用)。
80. E
第五段通过举例论证,强调欧盟指令对人们是有益的,所以其强制性是合理的。因此,正确答案为E. EU directive for the benefit of individuals (欧盟的指令是对人们有益的)。
Section D
【总体评述】
这是一篇关于文学作品中词汇用量研究的议论文。开篇首段即提出一个研究结论:在各种类型的书籍中,表达情感的词汇用量在下降。第二段对上文进行补充,强调单单表达恐惧的词汇用量呈上升趋势。紧接着第三段中给出了造成这种情绪词汇下降的原因——新媒体(电影、广播、戏剧)的崛起。第四、五、六段进一步探讨了新话题:表示快乐的词汇用量与表示悲伤的词汇用量这两者的比率,能间接反映出历史事件和历史趋势。
【试题评析】
81. in the category of fear
【解析】细节题。首先根据题干关键词A study of more than, decline, “mood words”定位至第一段第一句与第二段首句。接着题干中的except一词表示转折,表示与先前描述不符的情况,顺势与第二段末句内容 “Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.”相对应,表明除了in the category of fear,其余的情况情感用词都在下降。所以,正确答案填in the category of fear。
82. the literary position has changed in a crowded media landscape/ other media—movies, radio, drama—had more emotional content
【解析】细节题。该题目要求考生找出感情用词下降现象的产生原因,而第三段主要内容都是在解释该现象的产生原因。再根据题干人名Dr Alberto Acerbi定位至第三段第二句。explained by后即为所填内容,整合后答案可为“the literary position has changed in a crowded media landscape”。同时也可定位至第三段最后一句,表明其他类型的媒介如电影、广播、戏剧能承载更多的情感内容,经整合后答案是 “other media—movies, radio, drama—had more emotional content”。
83. During the Roaring Twenties and before the recent financial crash.
【解析】细节题。有题干关键词 “joy-to-sadness ratio” 定位至第五段首句,意为在“During the Roaring Twenties”比率达至顶峰,这种情形直到 “before the recent financial crash”才又一次出现。所以 “reached a peak”前面的主语与“until”后的内容即为所要求填写的内容,整合后答案是 “During the Roaring Twenties and before the recent financial crash.”。
84. their research result reflected wider social trends/ songs and books reflected the real population
【解析】细节题。题干表明研究人员态度有一种转折,由此定位至第五段末句。其中 “held a reserved opinion”与题干中 “were not sure”相对应,则答案即可完善为“their research result reflected wider social trends”。同时因为文章第六段是对第五段观点的具体展开说明,所以亦可定位至第六段最后一句,意为研究者不能确定歌曲和书籍是否反映出了真实人口数,即答案也可以是 “songs and books reflected the real population”。
第II卷
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)
We enjoyed ourselves very much on this New Year's Day.
【解析】本题考查固定短语。玩得很开心,常用“enjoy oneself very much”来表达;同时,注意元旦的表达方式为New Year's Day。
2. 舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片,祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate)
My uncle sent me a card to congratulate me on my eighteenth birthday yesterday.
【解析】本题考查固定短语。祝贺某人……,常用“congratulate sb on sth”来表达。另外18岁生日需要用序数词eighteenth,注意拼写。
3. 经过多年的建设,这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as)
After years of construction, this town is as lively now as it used to be before the earthquake.
【解析】本题考查固定结构。与……一样,常用“as...as”的结构,两个as之间通常接形容词或副词比较级。本句中,要表达充满了活力,用形容词“lively”即可。
4. 演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)
The show started with a piece of music familiar to people in their fifties.
【解析】本题考查固定短语。对某人来说耳熟能详,常用“familiar to”来表达。另外,本句中五十多岁的人,用in one's fifties来表达。根据句意,泛指五十多岁的人,可以用people in their fifties。
5. 她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目,就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)
No sooner had she finished watching that programme about those extinct species, than she decided to join the Wildlife Conservation Organization.
【解析】本题考查倒装结构。no sooner...than的结构用来引导时间状语从句,主句用过去完成时,than后面的从句用一般过去时。当no sooner放在句首时,表示强调,注意此时主句要采用倒装结构。另外,本句中的短语稍有难度,灭绝物种,常用extinct species来表达;野生动物保护组织,常用Wildlife Conservation Organization来表达。
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.
上海博物馆拟举办一次名画展,现就展出场所(博物馆还是社区图书馆)征集公众意见,假设你是王敏,给上海博物馆写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须满足以下要求:
1. 简述你写信的目的及你对场所的选择;
2. 说明你的理由(从便利性,专业性等方面对这两个场所进行对比)
To whom it may concern:
I’ve learned that an art exhibition is to be held and that you’re collecting suggestions on its location. I’m writing this letter to share with you my opinions.
As far as I’m concerned, it is more advisable to hold the art exhibition in Shanghai Museum than in community libraries.
How did I come to this conclusion? On one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city. And it is much more spacious than community libraries, which provides visitors with a more comfortable environment for appreciating art.
On the other hand, as a museum of ancient Chinese art, Shanghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions. Its professional security guards and advanced facilities can better protect those famous paintings from being damaged or stolen.
Therefore, I suggest the exhibition be held in Shanghai Museum.
Wang Mi
【解析】
总评:
本次高考题目以书信的方式考查观点论述的表达,属于常见题型。题目要求中交待了背景,同时,题目还明确要求了书信的内容中要包括目的、观点、理由等方面,难度适中。
细评:
本次高考作文考查观点论述,题型较为常见,要求对画展的展出场所做出选择,并且说明理由,而且已经提示了可以从便利性和专业性两个角度来分析,难度不算太大,要写好这篇作文,只要观点明确并且言之有理即可。
范文按照书信的形式,首先要提出给收信人,To whom it may concern这里表示的是敬启者,是在读者身份不明时用在信件、通知和证明书开头的套语,也是除了Dear xxx之外英语书信的常见用语。
信的第一段交待了自己的身份,并且表明了些这封信的目的。
第二段明确提出了自己的观点,用了it is more advisable to do...句型,表明“……是更合理的”,常用在提出建议时。
第三用设问句引出自己的理由,接着用on one hand... on the other hand... “一方面……;另一方面……”进行连接,层次清楚。在论述观点时连词的使用可以使逻辑显得更清晰。第三段从便利性角度进行分析,博物馆交通更便利而且环境更舒适,其中用到了which引导的非限定性定语从句。第四段从专业性角度说明博物馆的优势。
最后一段用therefore简单总结并重申自己的观点。