5. In order to survive, Chuck developed a friendship with an unusual friend — a volleyball he called Wilson. 为了生存下去，查克和一位不寻常的朋友--“排球”建立了友谊，查克叫他威尔森。
1. 该句中的"in order to"，意思为“为了，以便”，作目的 状语。在句子中作同的状语的常见句型有五种结构：to do sth / in order to do sth / so as to do sth / in order that clause / so that clause
注意：(1) so as to do sth 不能位于句首。(2) 如果主句与从句的主语一致时，四个结构可以相互转换。(3) 在in order that / so that 引导的从句中，谓语动词常与can, could, may, might 等情态动词连用。
【考例】(2005北京) I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early ____ I can have time for a cup of tea.
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that
[考查目标] 目的状语。
[答案与解析]D as soon as “一…就…”；as a result“结果是”；in case “万一”；so that“以便，为的是”。句意：“我想提前二十分钟到以便有时间喝杯茶”。
2. 该句子中 volleyball 是作同位语。例如：He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones that had the best color.
注意：这种同位语(不是同位语从句)与非限制性定语从句的区别。
【考例】(NMET 2002) Meeting my uncle after these years was an unforgotten moment, ____ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
[考查目标] one作同位语，指代a moment。
[答案与解析] B that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除A；if不能作同位语，排除C；what既不能引导非限制定语从句，也不能作同位语。可以填which，这样就成了非限制性定语从句。
6. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed. 长期以来，美国英语保持不变，但英国英语变化了。
1. 该句中的“while"用作并列连词．表示前后对比，意为 “然而”。“while"充当连词，还能引导时间状语从句。意为“during the time that…”；引导让步状语从句，意 为“although…”。
2. 该句中的 "stay" 为系动词。后接表语 (the same)。 除了stay外，常见的系动词还有: become, get, turn, grow, go, come, run, fall, keep, stay, remain。
【考例】(NMET 2003) Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days.
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
[考查目标] 系动词的用法。
[答案与解析] B 系动词没有被动语态，一般不用进行
时态，排除A、C；句意不是表示完成，排除D。系动词表示状态。
7. for the first time 第一次
(1) for the first time 第一次，后面不加从句，在句中作状语 They came to Beijing for the first time.
(2) the first time 名词短语，在从句中充当连词，后接时间状语从句，不接that，when等连词。有同样用法的短语还有：every time; next time; the last time
They liked Beijing the first time they went there.
(3) It's / This is the first time that + 从句(用现在完成时)这是……的第一次 It's the first time that I have ever been abroad at all.
8. What is it that...? 是什么……?
强调句的用法：
(1) 结构：It is / It was (过去时间) + 被强调部分 + that / who (专指人) + 其他部分
(2) 用法：除了谓语动词不能强调，句子的每部分均可强调。 Jim met the student in the street last week.
主语 宾语 地点状语 时间状语
强调主语：It was Jim who / that met the student in the street last week.
强调宾语：It was the student whom / that Jim met in the street last week.
强调地点状语：It was in the street that Jim met the student last week.
强调时间状语：It was last week that Jim met the student in the street.
(3) 注意点：
一般疑问句的强调句：
Was it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?
特殊疑问句的强凋句：
Who is it that will visit our class?
Where is it that he has gone?
When was it that she went?
not … until … 用于强调句：
It was not until then that I realized I was wrong.
[牛刀小试3]
1. -- I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! -- ____. (2004广西)
A. Nor am I B. Neither would I
C. Same with me D. So do I
2. We can't imagine ____ little mice can eat up ____ many crops every year.
A. so; so B. such; so C. such; such D. so; so
3. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park ____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
A. when B. while C. since D. once
4. It is said in Australia there is more land than the govern- ment knows ____. (NMET 2002)
A. it what to do with B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it D. to do what with it
5. Roses need special care ___they can live through winter.
(2004 天津)
A. because B. so that C. even if D. as
(BBACB)
【交际速成】
1. Talking about likes and dislikes. 谈论喜欢和不喜欢
-- I enjoy Chinese food very much. -- ____. (03东北三校)
A. Please taste quickly B. Have more, please
C. Help yourself D. Eat slowly while it is hot
[答案与解析]C本题主要考查具体语境下“对事物喜好”的表达及应答。A项不礼貌，B、D两项属汉语习惯，C项符合此时英语语境。
【归纳】英语中常见表达喜欢和不喜欢态度的用语有：
(1) This book is very interesting.
(2) I like / love the movie (very much).
(3)I like / love to play computer games.
(4) I like taking photos.
(5) I enjoy listening to music.
(6) I'm interested in science. My hobbies / interests are...
(7) He is fond of music.
(8) This song is bad / awful.
(9) I don't like the movie very much / at all.
(10)I don't enjoy collecting stamps.
(11)I hate to do homework. I hate dancing,
(12)I'm not into classic music.
(13)I think that classic music is terrible / boring.
2. Making apologies 道歉
-- I'm sorry I'm calling you so late. -- ____ Okay.
(2003北京春招)
A. This is B. You're C. That's D. I'm
[答案与解析] C 本题主要考查英语中道歉及应答用语。A、B、D三项不符合交际英语的习惯，故C项正确。
【归纳】英语中常见道歉用语有：
(1) I'm very sorry. I didn't mean to (hurt your feelings).
(2) I'm terribly sorry about that.
(3) I'm afraid I've brought you too much trouble.
(4) Please excuse me coming late.
(5) Please forgive me.
(6) Excuse me, please.
(7) I beg your pardon.
应答表达有：
(1) That's / It's all right.
(2) That's / It's OK.
(3) Never mind.
(4) It doesn't matter.
(5) It's nothing.
(6) Forget it.
(7) Don't worry about that.
(8) Don't mention it.
3. Talking about language difficulties in communication 谈论语言交际困难
-- I'm sorry. I can't catch you. ____
-- OK, it's B—L—A—C—K.
A. Would you please walk slowly?
B. I don't understand you．
C. What's the meaning of this word?
D. Would you please repeat it more slowly?
[答案与解析] D本题主要考查语言交际困难的功能意念。catch 在整个语境中是“听见，听清”的意思，A项错误理解了catch 在此处的意思，B、C两项语义不连贯， 故正确答案是D。
【归纳】英语中常见的谈论语言交际困难的用语有：
(1) Pardon? / I beg your pardon.
(2) Sorry, I can't follow you.
(3) Can you speak more slowly, please?
(4 )How do you say...in English.'?
(5) I don't know how to say that in English.
(6) I don't know the word in English.
(7) How do you spell it, please?
(8) I'm sorry I only know a little English.
(9) Could you repeat that, please? Could you say that
again, please?
(10) What do you mean by killing time?
[牛刀小试4]
1. -- ____ I didn't hear you clearly. It's too noisy here.
-- I was saying that the party was great.
A. Repeat. B. Once again.
C. Sorry? D. So what?
2. -- Do you like a house with no garden?
-- ____. But anyhow, it's better to have one than none.
A. Not a bit B. Not a little
C. Not really D. Not specially
3. -- I'm sorry for stepping on your foot? -- ____.
A. It's OK B. You are welcome
C. It's your fault D. Never you mind
4. -- What you said at the meeting hurt me badly!
-- Sorry. But ____.
A. I didn't mean it B. I didn't mean to
C. I don't mean it D. I don't mean to
5. -- You seem to show interest in cooking.
-- ____? On the contrary, I'm tired of it.
A. Really B. Pardon C. OK D. What
(CCABD)
【精典题例】
1. -- David has made great progress recently.
-- ____, and ____.
A. So he has; so have you B. So has he; so have you
C. So he has; so you have D. So has he; so you have
【解析】选A 答句中的he指David，不倒装。“So have you” 意为“你也一样(取得了进步)”。
2. Little ____ what others think.
A. does he care about B. care he about
C. about he eared D. about cared he
【解析】选A little为否定副词，置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。
3. At school, what he enjoys ____ football.
A. playing B. to play C. is playing D. played
【解析】选C what he enjoys为主语从句，谓语动词为be，表语为playing football。不要误以为playing是enjoy的宾语而误选A。
4. At the ____news, all the women present burst out crying.
A. unexpecting B. disappointing
C. disappointed D. interesting
【解析】选B联系语境，所有在场的妇女都哭了，因此为disappointing"令人失望的(消息)”。
5. He was about to tell me the secret ____ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until C. while D. when
【解析】选D "when"表示“就在这时，突然”。
6. The wolf said in a ____ voice and the scholar felt ____.
A. frightening; frightened B. frightened; frightened
C. frightened; frightening D. frightening; frightening
【解析】选A frightening“令人害怕”；frightened“感
到害怕”。
7. In our ____ life, English is ____ used.
A. everyday; wide B. everyday; widely
C. every day; wide D. every day; widely
【解析】选B everyday“日常的，每天的”；widely“广泛地”。
8. -- Hello, Mary. I've got a girlfriend. -- What's she like?
-- ____.
A. I don't know B. She's like her mother, not father
C. She likes music D. Not had! Quite pretty
【解析】选D表外表给人的印象。
9. The fire ____ for half an hour before the fire fighters arrived.
A. had put out B. was put out
C. had been out D. had broken out
【解析】选C be out"火熄灭”，表示状态。
10. It has been suggested that the land ____ equally among the peasants.
A. be shared B. should be spared
C. saved D. be spent
【解析】选A suggest后用虚拟语气。be shared前可
省略should。
11. She took ____ in physics and read ____ on the subject.
A. interest; as books many as she could
B. an interest; as many books as she could
C. interested; as many books as she can
D. interests; as books as she could
【解析】选B根据短语搭配和时态一致可知。
12. -- How's the young man? -- ____.
A. He's twenty B. He's a doctor
C. He is much better D. He's David
【解析】选C how is sb. “某人身体如何”。
13. Let Harry play with your toys as well. Clare, you must learn to ____.
A. support B. care C. spare D. share
【解析】选D share“分享”；support“支持”；care“在意”；spare“抽出(时间)。节余”。
14. The new dress looks wonderful on you ____ the collar.
A. besides B. except C. beside D. except for
【解析】选D“美中不足的是领子”，表示部分修正。
15. -- What about your classmate, Susan?
-- Our teacher ____ her a good and clever student.
A. regards B. believes C. suggests D. considers
【解析】选D consider as…“认为……是……”，as可省略。
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