(3) pick out 意思是“挑出；选出”、“分辨”
We decided to pick out the best players to join in the
game.
我们决定挑出最好的选手来参加比赛。
[注意] 这两个短语中 up 和 out 都是副词，如果宾语
是人称代词，应该放在副词之前。
You dmpped the book on the floor; now you should
pick it up.
你把书扔到地上了，现在你该把它拾起来。
3. because of，owing to，due to，on account of，as a (the)
result of，thanks to
(1) because of，owing to，on account of 意为“因为，由
于”，在句中一般作状语，可置于句首或句未。
Because of / Owing to / On account of my absence,
they had to put off the classmeeting till next week.
由于我不在，他们只好将班会推迟到下个星期。
The train arrived late because of / owing to / on account
of a heavy snow.
由于一场大雪火车来迟了。
(2) due to 意为“由于”，它引导的短语在句中一般用
作表语和定语。但在很多场合，可与 owing to 通用，
作状语，这一用法在现今英美语中也很流行，但不如
owing to那么严谨罢了。
He was injured due to (=owing to) a car accident,
他由于一起汽车事故受了伤。
His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience.
由于缺乏经验导致了他的失败。
(3) as a (the) result of意为“由于……的结果”，一般
用作状语。
As a result of the war the lives of many people were
lost.
由于战争的缘故许多人丧了命。
(4)thanks to 这一短语介词，含有“幸亏、多亏、亏得、
-- Do you know bow much the room costs?
你知道这房间花费多少吗?
-- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
知道。／不知道。
-- How much do you think the room costs?
你认为这房间会花多少钱?
-- I think the room costs 300 dollars.
我认为会花300美元。
2. You want to buy a CD for your friend's birthday but
you are not sure what to buy.
你想为朋友的生日买一张CD，但你拿不准该买什
么。
be sure 后可接不定式及从句。如：
John is sure to pass the exam.
约翰一定能通过考试。
He is sure that the party will be a success.
他确信这次聚会能获得成功。
[注意] be sure 后接名词、代词、动名词时需用介词of
或about。如：
You may be sure of his honesty.
你可以确信他是诚实的。
I think he lives at No. 23 West st., but I'm not sure
about the number.
我认为他住在西大街23号，但对这个号码我不能肯
定。
[比较]be sure to do 与 be sure of doing
John is sure to pass the exam.
说话人确信约翰能通过考试。
John is sure 0f passing the exam.
约翰本人确信自己能通过考试。
[提示] be not sure后常用whether / if, what, when,
where 等引起从句，有时也用that。如：
I'm not sure whether / if he will come to see me.
我拿不准他是否会来看我。
I was not sure what I ought to do.
我拿不准该干什么。
[辨析] sure 与 certain
certain 一般可与sure换用，但在It is certain that...
中不用sure。如：
It is certain that our team will win the game.
我们队肯定能赢得这场比赛。(不用sure)
3. You want t0 find a good song to dance to.
你想找一首好歌来伴舞。
① to dance to 是不定式作定语，修饰名词song，并与
之形成动宾关系，这时的不定式应为及物性的，若动
词不及物，则应加上适当介词。如：
New York is a nice place to visit.
纽约是个游览的好地方。
Could you find me a chair to sit on?
能给我找把椅子坐吗?
② dance to中的to表示“伴随，按照”。如
He likes to sing to the piano.
他喜欢钢琴伴唱。
Please add salt to taste.
请按口味加盐。
The map was drawn to scale.
这地图是按比例绘制的。
4. If only they could find a way to get to the room,
behind the wall.
要是他们能找到办法到达墙后面的房间，那就好了。
if only虽然是从属连词，但它引导的从句却能单独
成句，且能表达完整的意思：要是……该多好 --
种不能实现或难以实现的愿望。它相当于wish，但
语气更强。句后用句号或感叹号皆可。
① 表示已过去了的不能实现的愿望，常含有后悔、惋
惜之意。谓语动词应使用had done形式。
If only I had taken his advice!
要是我听从了他的建议就好了!
② 表达现在不可实现的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去
时。
If only I could swim!
我要是会游泳该多好!
③ 表达将来难以实现的愿望，谓语动词用would /
could + 动词原形或一般过去时。
If only she would help me!
要是她能帮我就好了。
[注意] if only 除以上用法外，它还相当于if，引导条
件状语从句。
④ If only he gets the job, it will make a great deal of
difference.
要是他能得到这份工作，情况就大不一样了。
[辨析] if only与only if
if only 多用于虚拟语气；only if 多用于陈述语气，
only 修饰 if，表示惟一的条件。
5. He was just about to say something when Peter turned
around.
他正要说些什么，这时皮特转过身来。
be about to do sth. 正要做某事，表示该动作马上就
要进行，不能与时间状语连用。
[误] He was about to leave in five minutes.
[正] He would leave in five minutes.
他5分钟后离开。
when 在此表示“正在这时 / 那时，突然”(具体用法详
见Chapter 1“词汇短语”)
6. It looked as if the creature had moved.
塑像好像动了。
as if / though 仿佛，好像(引导表语／方式状语从句，
表示与事实相反的情况时用虚拟语气)
(1) 引导表语状语从句
It looks as if it is going to rain.
看来好像要下雨了。(真的要下雨了。)
(2) 引导方式状语从句
He talks as if he were / was an expert.
他说话的样子好像是个专家似的。(事实上他不是
专家。)
(3) As if / though 引导的从句中若用虚拟语气，其谓
语动词分别是：
表示与现在事实相反：did / were (口语中单数也用
was)
when a pencil is partly in water, it looks as if it were /
was broken.
表示与过去事实相反：had done
He is talking as though he had been to Beijing many
times.
表示与将来事实相反：could / would do
He acts as if he would fly to the moon tomorrow.
☆精典题例☆
( )1. One of the sides of the board should be painted
yellow, and ____. (2000北京)
A. the other is white B. another white
C. the other white D. another is white
【解析】选C 不能选A。white在句子中做主语的补
语。"The other sides should be painted white." 这是完整的
句子。
( )2. There are five pairs____, but I'm at a loss
which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from
C. to choose D. for choosing
【解析】选B choose from"从……中挑选”。
( )3. Look at the trouble I'm in! If only I ____ your
advice. (2003 上海)
A. followed B. would follow
C. had followed D. should follow
【解析】选C If only I had followed your advice. 要是
以前听你的建议就好了。虚拟语气，表过去的情况。
( ) 4.-- How do you ____ we go to Beijing for our
holidays?
-- I think we'd better fly there. It's much more
comfortable. (2004 福建)
A. insist B. want
C．suppose D．suggest
【解析】 选D 这也是个混合疑问句。根据宾语从句
中的谓语go可确定应填写"suggest"。
( )5。 They started off late and got to the airport with
minutes to ____.(2005湖北)
A. spare B. catch
C. leave D. make
【解析】选A不定式作后置定语，跟所修饰的名词
有动宾关系。本题只有spare才能与minutes构成动宾关
系。
( )6. Allow children the space to voice their opinions,
____ they are different from your own. (2005
湖南)
A. until B. even if
C. unless D. as though
【解析】选B even if即使；as though = as if仿佛，好
像。
( )7. ____ two exams to worry about, I have to
work really hard this weekend. (2004北京)
A. With B. Besides
C. As for D. Because of
【解析】选A “with + 宾语 + 宾补”常表示原因或理
由。句意为：由于对两次考试担心，这个周末我不得不非
常刻苦地学习。because of也表示原因，但后面不能带宾
补。
( )8. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster ____
if a mirror was broken. (2002上海)
A. was sure of striking
B. was sure of having struck
C. was sureto be struck
D. was sure to strike
【解析】选D be sure to do 表示说话人认为一定会发
生某事。
( )9. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder
if you can ____ my father. (2005湖北)
A. find out B. pick out
C. look out D. speak out
【解析】选B pick out分辨出。
( )10. What he has done is far from ____. (2000 上
海)
A. Satisfactory B. satisfied
C. satisfaction D. satisfy
【解析】 选A far from“远远不是”，后常跟形容词短
语。far from (being) satisfactory 意为“离满意还差得远”。
类似的说法还有：far from perfect / pleasant / happy /
finished。
-
高中英语知识点：如何用英语表达感冒相关语句
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