【词组解析】
1. equal to 相等,胜任
（1）He doesn't seem equal to meeting our demands.
他似乎不太合乎我们的要求。
（2）Twelve inches is equal to one foot.
12英寸等于1英尺。
2. equivalent to 等于,相当于
（1）The gangsters offered him a sum equivalent to a whole year's earnings.
歹徒提出要给他一笔相当于他一年收入的钱。
（2）Changing her job like that is equivalent to giving her the sack.
那样调换她的工作等于是解雇她。
3. essential to/for 必不可少
（1）The core of regular contributors is essential to the magazine.
有一群经常投稿的人对这份杂志是极为重要的。
（2）It is essential for us to know all the facts.
对我们来说,了解所有的事实是必要的。
4. even if/though 即使,虽然
（1）I wouldn't lose courage even if I should fail ten times.
即使要失败十次,我也绝不灰心。
（2）He's the best teacher even though he has the least experience.
尽管他经验最少,但教得最好。
拓展
even though 和 even if 的用法区别
两者均可用于引导让步状语从句，其细微区别是：
（1）even if 引导的从句是往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕”。如：
They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed.
即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。
Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get there.
即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we won’t change our plan.
即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。
For my part, I plan to go to the party even if you decide not to go.
至于我，即使你决定不去参加晚会我也会去的。
Even if you saw him pick up the money, you can’t be sure he stole it.
就算你看见是他拾起的钱，你也不能肯定钱就是他偷的。
正因为 even if 从句的内容通常是假设性的，所以有时还可用于虚拟语气；这样用的 even if 与单独使用的 if 比较接近。如：
Even if he had the money, he wouldn’t buy it.
他即使有钱也不会买它。
I would have married her even if she had been penniless.
即使她身无分文，我也会和她结婚。
（2）even though 引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利用于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”“虽然”。如：
He went out even though it was raining.
尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。
Even though it’s hard work, I enjoy it.
虽然工作艰苦，我还是很喜欢。
He’s the best teacher even though he has the least experience.
他尽管经验最少，但教得最好。
Even though I didn’t know anybody at the party, I had a nice time.
尽管这次聚会上我谁也不认识，我也玩得挺痛快。
这样用的 even though 与 though 或 although 的意思比较接近，许多时候可以互换（注意：英语可以说 though 和 even though，但不能说even although）。如：
Even though [Though, Although] I felt sorry for him, l was secretly pleased tha t he was having difficulties.
虽然我为他感到惋惜，但对他的困难却暗自高兴。
Even though [Though, Although] we all tried our best, we lost the game.
虽然我们已尽了最大的力量，但还是输了。
（3）不过，在实际语言运用中，even if 与even though 有时也可不加区别地混用。如：
Even if [Even though] she laughs at him, he likes her.
尽管她嘲笑他，他还是很喜欢她。
We thoroughly understand each other, even if [even though] we don’t always agree.
我们彼此非常了解，虽然有时候也有一些分歧。
5. ever so 非常,极其
（1）He is ever so diligent.
他勤奋极了。
（2）Thank you ever so much.
真是太谢谢你了。
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