（译林牛津版）素材（含教案和练习） Unit 2 Growing pains
一. 教学内容：
Unit 2 Growing Pains （II）
二. 教学目标：掌握Unit 2语法定语从句
三. 教学重难点：
掌握介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句
掌握关系副词引导的定语从句
（一）定语从句复习
用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子
1. The book is mine. He is reading the book.
The book (which/that) he is reading is mine.
2. I like the girl. The girl is wearing a red skirt.
I like the girl who is wearing a red skirt.
3. She is the student. We saw her yesterday.
She is the student (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday.
4. The athlete is a famous runner. You talked to him.
The athlete who you talked to is a famous runner.
5. I have lost the book. He gave me it yesterday.
I have lost the book (which/that) he gave me yesterday.
6. I have seen the film. You talked it about last night.
I have seen the film (which/that) you talked about last night.
7. I threw the chair. Its legs are broken.
I threw the chair whose legs are broken.
介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句
用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子
1. This is the teacher. We’ve learned a lot from her.
This is the teacher (whom/who/that) we’ve learned a lot from.
This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot.
2. The policeman is a friend of mine. Mr Henry is talking with him in the office.
The policeman (who/that/whom) Mr Henry is talking with in the office is a friend of mine.
The policeman with whom Mr Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.
3. The ladder began to slip. I was standing on the ladder.
The ladder (which/that) I was standing on began to slip.
The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.
4. Great changes are taking place in the city. They live in the city.
Great changes are taking place in the city (which/that) they live in.
Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live.
5. This is the library. I borrowed Harry Potter from this library.
This is the library (which/that) I borrowed Harry Potter from.
This is the library from which I borrowed Harry Potter.
总结：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可提至关系代词前，构成“介词＋which/whom从句”结构。注意：
（1）介词提前时，关系代词不可省略；
（2）介词提前时，只能用“介词+which”（指事物）以及“介词+whom”（指人）结构，此时不能用that或who。
（3）当关系代词作look after, look for, take care of等不能拆开使用的短语动词的宾语时，介词不能提前。
eg. 这是我们进行了很多讨论的问题。
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
我跟他说话的那个人是个老师。
The man to whom I spoke is a teacher.
关系代词前介词的确定
1. 动词与介词的搭配
e.g. The city ________ which I live is a beautiful one.
2. 形容词与介词的固定搭配
e.g. You’d better not bring your child to see the animals ______ which he is afraid.
3. 先行词与介词的搭配习惯
e.g. 1949 was the year_________ which the P.R.C. was founded.
KEY: in, of, in
［典型例题］
1. The sun gives us heat and light, ________ we can’t live.
答案：without which We can’t live without the heat and the light. 意为我们离开了光和热就不能生存。指物用which
2. The student ________ we were talking just now is the best student in our class.
答案：about whom talk about sb谈论某人，指人用whom
3. I’ll never forget the day _____ she said goodbye to me.
答案：on which She said goodbye to me on the day. 指物用which
4. Who can give me the reason ______ he hasn’t turned up yet?
答案：for which reason固定与介词for搭配。指物用which
5. Is that the newspaper __________you often write articles?
答案：for which write articles for the newspaper意为为报刊写文章。指物用which
6. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms______________ I’m not sure.
答案：about which I’m not sure about the idioms. 意为不确定的习语。指物用which
（三）关系副词when, where, why的用法
1. Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live.
Great changes are taking place in the city where they live.
2. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
1949 was the year when the P.R.C. was founded.
3. Who can give me the reason for which he hasn’t turned up yet?
Who can give me the reason why he hasn’t turned up yet?
关系副词都等于一个适当的介词＋which，在从句中作状语
1. when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league.= I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the league.2. where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
= This is the house in which I lived two years ago.3. why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）”。
Do you know the reason why she was late?= Do you know the reason for which she was late.
when=in/at/on/…+which;
where=in/at/on/…+which;
why=for /…+which
注：区分关系副词与关系代词的区别。只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。
你还记得我们一起去参观博物馆的那一天吗？
Do you still remember the day when (on which) we went to visit the museum together?
这是我父亲曾经工作过的工厂。
This is the factory where (in which) my father once worked.
这就是他愤怒的理由。
This is the reason why (for which) he was angry.
关系副词引导的定语从句
作用：
1、在定语从句中替代先行词。
2、在从句中担任状语成分，起副词和介词短语的作用。
3、起连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。
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