第四部分任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
The expression, "everybody's doing it," is very much at the center of the concept of peerpressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group tobehave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in someway during their lives.
People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respectcomes from the approval of others. This instinct is why the approval of peers, or the fear ofdisapproval, is such a powerful force in many people's lives. It is the same instinct that drives peopleto dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer "fine" when a stranger asks "howare you?" even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society tofunction efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-dayinteraction.
For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like anaddiction: in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right andwrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminalbehavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the companywhere they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a houseor car that they can't afford in an effort to "keep up with the Joneses."
However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academicsmay be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to playharder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or tohelp an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examplesof positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.
Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to standup and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe arewrong. Similarly, it can be help fill to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positivepeer groups.
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