2014江苏高考英语试卷

所属专题:2015全国各地高考真题及答案  来源:    要点:2014江苏高考英语试卷  
编辑点评: 最新2014江苏高考英语试卷来啦!本文为大家汇总最新2014年江苏高考英语真题,帮助大家第一时间获得今年最新高考试题内容。还等什么,赶快收藏吧!

第三部分阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.

A

Never before had a kitchen so much of a History

It tells of Freedom, Success, and of theArchitecture of big American cities.Because that is where it started: in thesecond half of the 19th century!

Welcome to a new Era ofKitchen Interior Design

Back then, a Generation of successfulAmerican Entrepreneurs dreamt of a newstyle of Architecture to express theirpersonal wealth. This dream wasrealized by young architects such asDaniel Burnham and Stanford White.
They all had studied at the Ecole desBeaux-Arts in Paris. And they created a new style for Architecture and Interior Design,named after the famous French Art Institute: Beaux Arts.

SieMatic BcauxArts Breaks and Creates

In fact it was not a new style at all, but a composition of styles from different periods andcultures. Many world-famous structures such as the Chicago Art Institute and the Statueof Liberty account for it. But what does that have to do with your kitchen? Just as much asyou want it to. Because in the same way that the anti-conventional architects back thentook the freedom to combine elements from different historical eras, today, you too canbreak the conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personalcomposition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities: Abroad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design ofyour own. You can choose from menu of various forms, appealing colors, and preciousmaterials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection ofyour personality.

56.  Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?

A. It helped display their money status.

B. It was created by famous architects.

C. It was named after a famous institute.

D. It represented the 19th century urban culture.

57.  What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?

A.      Its designs are anti-conventional.

B.      Its designs come from famous structures.

C.      Its customers can enjoy their own composition.

D.      Its customers can choose from various new styles.

B

However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything wewant. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simplyrefers to whether someone's time or money could be better spent on something else.

Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easilybe doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a differentopportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.

Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you acouple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game fromhome and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use ofyour cash and time—is the opportunity cost.

For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms ofmoney and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving andwhat you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonabledecisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there's no such thing as a free lunch.Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurantstill costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.

Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending yourentire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something moreprofitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it's human nature to do precisely that—we assess theadvantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.

In the business world, a popular phrase is "value for money." People want their cash to go asfar as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: "value for time." The biggestrestriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look tomaximize the return we get on our investment of time. By readmg this passage you are giving overa bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return,however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunitycost of each of your decisions.

58. According to the passage, the concept of "opportunity cost" is applied to        .

A. making more money                             B. taking more opportunities

C. reducing missed opportunities              D. weighing the choice of opportunities

59. Hie "leftover ... time" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time         .

A. spared for watching the match at home   

B. taken to have dinner with friends

C. spent on the way to and from the match

D. saved from not going to watch the match

60. What are forgone opportunities?

A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making.

B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.

C. Opportunities you miss accidentally.   

D. Opportunities you make up for.

 

C

Most damagingly, anger weakens a person's ability to think clearly and keep control over hisbehaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the personor situation that arouses his anger.

Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another.The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultaralforces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too sociallyharmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels(决斗) as an appropriate expression of angerresulting from one person's awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.

Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditionsEEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and leftprefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition(意向)that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and leftprefrontal areas aren't balanced and. as a result of this, we're likely to react. And our behaviouralresponse to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.

Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people welike. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move awayfrom people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to thispattern. The angrier we are. the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. Thiscorresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in orderto influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confrontbehaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity.Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards theindividual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEGasymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring sitaation.

61.The "duels" example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger____________________________________ .

A. usually has a biological basis          B. varies among people

C. is socially and culturally shaped     D. influences one's thinking and evaluation

62.  What changes can be found in an angry brain?

A.    Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.

B.    Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.

C.    Electrical activity corresponds to one's behaviour.

D.    Electrical activity agrees with one's disposition.

63.  Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?

A. Approaching the source of anger.  B. Trying to control what is disliked.

C. Moving away from what is disliked. D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger.

64.  What is the key message of the last paragraph?

A. How anger differs from other emotions. B. How anger relates to other emotions.
C. Behavioural responses to anger.           D. Behavioural patterns of anger.

D

August 1990,Boston

Dear Maya Shao-ming,

To me, June 6,1990 is a special day. My long-awaited dream came true the minute yourfather cried, "A girl!" You are more than just a second child, more than just a girl to matchour boy. You, little daughter, are the link to our female line, the legacy of another woman'spain and sacrifice 31 years ago.

Let me tell you about your Chinese grandmother. Somewhere in Hong Kong, in the latefifties, a young waitress found herself pregnant (怀孕) by a cook, probably a co-worker ather restaurant. She carried the baby to term, suffered to give it birth, and kept the littlegirl for the first three months of her life. I like to think that my mother—yourrandmother—loved me and fought to raise me on her own, but that the daily strugglewas too hard. Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constantthreat of starvation, she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of usmight have a chance for a better life.

More likely, I was dropped at the orphanage (M JLR) steps or somewhere else. I willprobably never know the truth. Having a baby in her unmarried state would have broughtshame on the family in China, so she probably kept my existence a secret. Once I was outof her life, it was as if I had never been born. And so you and your brother and I are themissing leaves on a family tree.
Do they ever wonder if we exist?

Before I was two, I was adopted by an Anglo couple. Fed three square meals a day, I grewlike a wild weed and grasped all the opportunities they had to offer—books, music,education, church life and community activities. In a family of blue-eyed blonds, though,I stood out like a sore thumb. Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked sodifferent, my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin, or made funof my clumsy walk. Moody and impatient, burdened by fears that none of us realizedresulted from my early years of need, I was not an easy child to love. My mother and Iconflicted countless times over the years, but gradually came to see one another as realhuman beings with faults and talents, and as women of strength in our own right. Lackinga mirror image in the mother who raised me, I had to seek my identity as a woman on myown. The Asian American community has helped me regain my double identity.
But part of me will always be missing: my beginnings, my personal history, all the delicatedetails that give a person her origin. Nevertheless, someone gave me a lucky name "SiuWai." "Siu" means "little," and "War means "clever." Therefore, my baby name was"Clever little one." Who chose those words? Who cared enough to note my arrival in theworld?

I lost my Chinese name for 18 years. It was Americanized for convenience to "Sue." Butlike an ill-fitting coat, it made me uncomfortable. I hated the name. But even more, Ihated being Chinese. It took many years to become proud of my Asian origin and work upthe courage to take back my birth-name. That, plus a little knowledge of classroomCantonese, is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you. Not white, certainly, but not reallyAsian, I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge the gap for you. Yourname, "Shao-ming," is very much like mine—"Shao" means "little." And "ming" is "bright,"as in a shining sun or moon. Whose lives will you brighten, little Maya? Your past is morecomplete than mine, and each day I cradle you in your babyhood, generously giving youthe loving care I lacked for my first two years. When I pat you, I comfort the lost babyinside me who still cries for her mother.

Sweet Maya, it doesn't matter what you "become" later on. You have already fulfilled mywildest dreams.
I love you,

Mommy

65.  Why is June 6. 1990 a special day for Mommy?

A.      Her dream of being a mother came true.

B.      She found her origin from her Chinese mother.

C.      She wrote the letter to her daughter.

D.      Her female line was well linked.

66.  How does Mommy feel about her being given away?

A.      It is bitter and disappointing.

B.      It is painful but understandable.

C.      She feels sorry but sympathetic.

D.      She feels hurt and angry.

67.  What does "I stood out like a sore thumb" in Paragraph 5 mean?

A.      I walked clumsily out of pains.

B.      I was not easy to love due to jealousy.

C.      I was impatient out of fear.

D.      I looked different from others.

68.  What can be inferred from Mommy's Anglo family life?

A.      She used to experience an identity crisis.

B.      She fought against her American identity.

C.      She forgot the pains of her early years.

D.      She kept her love for Asia from childhood.

69.  Why did Mommy name her daughter "Shao-ming?"

A.      To match her own birth-name.

B.      To brighten the lives of the family.

C.      To identify her with Chinese origin.

D.      To justify her pride in Chinese cultare.

70. By "Your past is more complete than mine," Mommy means    ______________________________________ .

A.      her past was completed earlier than Shao-ming's

B.      Shao-ming has got motherly care and a sense of roots

C.      her mother didn't comfort her the way she did Shao-ming

D.      her past was spent brokenly, first in Asia, then in the US

>>点击查看2015全国各地高考真题及答案专题,阅读更多相关文章!

最新20242014江苏高考英语试卷信息由沪江高考资源网提供。

请输入错误的描述和修改建议,建议采纳后可获得50沪元。

错误的描述:

修改的建议: