2014高考英语核心考点:名词、介词、主谓一致、代词

所属专题:2016高考复习核心考点  来源:    要点:2014高考英语考点  
编辑点评: 本文是2014高考英语核心考点的整理,为大家详细的整理了高考英语中的考点,是英语知识点的归纳总结,在本文中,全面为大家整理了代词,介词,名词的考点要点,并且附有习题练习。欢迎大家参阅~

2、it / they, one / ones, the one / the ones ,that / those
it / they:用来指前面所提及的名词本身,起替代作用,避免重复;
e.g. He bought a pen. It cost him 50 yuan. / He has two brothers. They are both workers.
one / ones:用来指前面所提及的可数名词中的一个或几个,是泛指; 还可以泛指人。
e.g. ---- Do you have a camera? ---- No, but my father has one.
A chair made of iron is usually heavier than one made of wood.
One can not be too careful when crossing the road.
the one / the ones:用来特指前面所提及的可数名词中的一个或几个。
e.g. ---- I’m looking for a pen. ---- How do you like the one in the box?
---- Who are the boys? ---- You mean the ones playing basketball?
that / those: “that” 用来替代前面出现过的可数名词单数= the one或不可数名词,以避免重复;“those” 用来替代前面出现过的可数名词复数= the ones,以避免重复。
e.g. The price of a pen is often higher than that of a pencil.
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.
The students in Class Two are more hard-working than those(the ones) in Class One.

3、some / any, everybody / anybody
习惯上,some和everybody用于肯定句,any和 anybody用于疑问、否定句。
但当some用于疑问句时,表示对所涉及的名词持肯定态度,everybody用于疑问句时,译为“大家、每个人”。 e.g. Is everybody pleased with the show?
试比较:Do you have any water? (对water持怀疑态度)
---- Do you like some more water? ---- No, thanks. (对water持肯定态度)
any和anybody也可以用于肯定句。当它们用于肯定句时,有很强的强调口气。
e.g. ---- When shall we meet again? ---- Any time you like.
Anybody here knows how to treat a stranger.

4、 who / whoever , what / whatever , which / whichever, whom / whomever
who / what / which/ whom是疑问词,引起的句子具有疑问色彩;whoever / whatever / whichever /whomever 是代词,并不引起疑问句,而用来引导名词性从句或让步状语从句。
e.g. Who will teach us English is still unknown.
Whoever did it will be punished. / Whoever did it, he will be punished.
What would you do if you had that sum of money? / Whatever you do, do it well.

5、other / others; the other / the others ; another
other:作代词时,一般不单独使用,而必须与any, some, no 等连用。
e.g. He is no other but Tom. / These are all we have, we have no other(s).
others:常与some连用,表示:一些……其它的……。
e.g. Some people like fishing, some like boating, others skating.
the other: 与one连用,构成词组:one…the other:指两者中“一个……另一个……”
the others: 指在一定范围中的“其余的”。
e.g. In our class some students are good at maths, some are good at Chinese, the others are good at physics.
another: 是形容词,“另一个、在一个”,一般作定语,既可以修饰单数名词,又可以修饰复数名词,还可以修饰数词。
e.g. We stayed in New York for another three weeks. / Please have another apple.
当another修饰单数名词时,在上下文意思明确的情况下,可以把名词省略,这时another起代词作用。
e.g. After eating an apple, I had another (one).

6、all ; both ; each ; every ; either
all:指三者或三者以上的所有,可以作形容词修饰名词复数,作代词,可作主语、宾语或同位语;后可接of介词短语。
both:指“两者都”,可以作形容词修饰名词复数,作代词,可作主语、宾语或同位语;后可接of介词短语。
each:“每一个”,一般指两者中的每一个,也可指许多中的每一个;可以作形容词修饰名词单数,作代词,可作主语、宾语或同位语;后可接of介词短语。
e.g. There are trees on each side / both sides of the river.
Each of us has a chance to go to university.
We each have a dictionary.
every:指三者或三者以上中的每一个,是形容词,只能作定语,后面不能接of介词短语。
either:指“两者中一个”或“两者中无论哪一个”,可以作形容词修饰名词单数,作代词作主语、宾语;后可接of介词短语。
e.g. If you keep still, you can sit on either end of the boat.
I don’t like either of them. Do you have any other blouse?

【各个击破】

1. ---- Do you want tea or coffee?
---- _____ . I really don’t mind.
A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter ______ it was?
A. where B. what C. how D. which
3. ---- You’re always working. Come on, let’s go shopping.
---- _______ you ever want to do is going shopping.
A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That
4. The boss decided to dismiss two workers: ________ .
A. you and Tom B. I and you C. Mary and I D. she and you
5. I don’t care for ______ of the hats. Would you show me a third one?
A. all B. none C. either D. both
6. I now do not accept ______ that is offered to me, I only choose those useful.
A. anything B. any C. whatever D. everything
7. A school is an exciting place, ____ in which new talents are being discovered every day.
A. and B. that C. there D. one
8. ---- How much vinegar did you put in the salad?
---- I’m sorry to say, _______. I forgot.
A. no B. nothing C. no one D. none
9. ---- Is this umbrella yours?
---- No, mine is here. It must be ________.
A. someone’s B. someone’s else C. someone else’s D. someone’s else’s
10.Our feelings were ___________ .
A. the same as they B. same as theirs C. same as they D. the same as theirs
11. You can reach the town ______ road you take.
A. whatever B. what C. whichever D. which
12. ______ who wish to go swimming may sign up here.
A. Any person B. Those C. Anyone D. These
13. Now that the new machines have been bought, _____ will you do with the old _____ ?
A. how ; ones B. how ; one C. what ; one D. what ; ones
14. The thieves ran away separately, _____ carrying a bag.
A. all B. each C. every D. either
15. ---- Did anybody ask for me during my absence?
---- Yes, ______ called Black asked to see you.
A. he B. it C. one D. that

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